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监控
开源的监控软件 --使用snmp协议 (simple network manage protocol)
mrtg
ntop
cacti
nagios
zabbix
Ganglia
centreon
nagios
www.nagios.org
--官档路径
http://nagios.sourceforge.net/docs/nagioscore/4/en/toc.html
--或者安装主程序包完全后,会在下面这个目录找到
# ls /usr/local/nagios/share/docs/
监控大量机器上运行的服务和负载等,带报警功能。
[root@li ~]# ls 笔记目录/program/nagios_soft/
nagios-4.0.5.tar.gz --主程序包
nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz --插件包,监控命令包
nrpe-2.12.tar.gz --linux客户端远程监控包
--注意插件包等和主程序包的版本号不一定要一致
--如果你的机器以前做过,你可以执行下面的几条命令把它删除,然后再重新搭建
# rm /usr/local/nagios -rf
# rm /etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf -rf
# rm /etc/init.d/nagios -rf
# rm /usr/src/nagios* -rf
1,搭建rpm版lamp(源码版lamp也可以,但nginx不行,因为后面nagios的web子配置文件里的语法都是apache的语法)
# yum install httpd* gd php*
2,建立用户
# useradd nagios
# groupadd nagiosgroup
# usermod -G nagiosgroup nagios
# usermod -G nagiosgroup apache --也就是说你的web服务器由哪个用户跑,就把哪个用户也加到这个组
3,安装nagios主程序包
# tar xf nagios-4.0.5.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
# cd /usr/src/nagios-4.0.5/
# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagiosgroup
# make all
# make install
# make install-init
# make install-commandmode
# make install-config
# make install-webconf
# make install-exfoliation
# make install-classicui
make install
- This installs the main program, CGIs, and HTML files
make install-init
- This installs the init script in /etc/rc.d/init.d
make install-commandmode
- This installs and configures permissions on the
directory for holding the external command file
make install-config
- This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /usr/local/nagios/etc
You'll have to modify these sample files before you can
use Nagios. Read the HTML documentation for more info
on doing this. Pay particular attention to the docs on
object configuration files, as they determine what/how
things get monitored!
make install-webconf
- This installs the Apache config file for the Nagios
web interface
make install-exfoliation
- This installs the Exfoliation theme for the Nagios
web interface
make install-classicui
- This installs the classic theme for the Nagios
web interface
# ls /usr/local/nagios/
bin etc libexec sbin share var
--libexec目录为空,需要安装插件包才会有很多命令与脚本
4,安装nagios插件包 --包含用于收集数据的程序,命令,脚本等
# tar xf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
# cd /usr/src/nagios-plugins-2.0.3/
# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagiosgroup
# make ;make install
5。创建web界面可访问的验证用户
/etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf --在这个文件里已经配置了nagios的apache验证,所以我们要把用户给创建出来
# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin --这里注意一下,用户名一定要用nagiosadmin,如果你用其它自定义的用户名,可以通过apache的验证,但是查看nagios数据时,会没有权限查看到数据
New password:
Re-type new password:
Adding password for user nagiosadmin
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
--检测nagios配置文件正确性
/etc/init.d/nagios restart
/etc/init.d/httpd restart
--selinux关闭,否则可能造成图形看不到信息
6,nagios配置文件介绍
/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg --主配置文件
/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/ --子配置文件的目录
localhost.cfg --一个示例模版,默认定义了监控本机的8个服务
templates.cfg --模版定义文件
commands.cfg --命令定义文件
contacts.cfg --定义通知方式的文件
timeperiods.cfg --监控时间段定义文件
==================================================
关于nagios配置文件之间的联系讲解示例
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg
define host{
use linux-server --模版
host_name localhost --主机名
alias localhost --主机别名
address 127.0.0.1 --被监控机器的IP
}
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_name linux-servers
alias Linux Servers
members localhost --linux Servers组现在只有localhost这一个成员
}
--下面是8个默认定义的服务,我以监控磁盘利用率的这一段为例
define service{
use local-service --模版,在templates.cfg 里定义的
host_name localhost --主机名,调用的是同配置文件里define host里定义的host_name
service_description Root Partition --描述,会在web界面显示的一个标题
check_command check_local_disk!20%!10%!/ --检测利用率的命令,free空间小于20%就报警,小于10就critcal警告
}
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
define host{
name linux-server
use generic-host --linux主机模版也使用了一个叫generic-host的模版,也在templates.cfg里
check_period 24x7 --在timeperiods.cfg 里定义的时间段
check_interval 5
retry_interval 1
max_check_attempts 10
check_command check-host-alive --在commands.cfg 里定义的命令
notification_period workhours --通知时间在timeperiods.cfg里定义的
notification_interval 120 --通知间隔
notification_options d,u,r --通知选项
contact_groups admins --通知组,在contacts.cfg 里定义
register 0 --不注册,表示这只是一个模版,被调用,不会被nagios进程认为就是一台主机
}
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
define command{
command_name check-host-alive
command_line $USER1$/check_ping -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -w 3000.0,80% -c 5000.0,100% -p 5
}
--命令都在libexec下,用--help去查
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ping --help
==================================================
现在查看web界面,默认只监控了localhost,并监控了其8个服务
一些小操作:
1,如果http服务为黄色,是警告,则需要把网站家目录里加一个主页进去(家目录为空,他就会警告)。
但需要等它下一次check才会OK。如果要手动check,可以点http,再右边点Re-schedule the next check of this service去强制check,就OK了
2,默认http和ssh是关闭通知的,是因为在localhost.cfg里这两个服务有一句 notifications_enabled 0。
也可以手动打开,点进去,再右边点enabled notifications for this service.
3,关闭ssh服务,刷新web界面,还是没有critical.
点击ssh,可以看到下一次计划的check时间。如果不等的话,在右边点Re-schedule the next check of this service强制check,再刷新就critical
4,修改ssh的check时间间隔
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg
define service{
use local-service --使用的这个模版,所以要去改这个模版里的时间
host_name localhost
service_description SSH
check_command check_ssh
notifications_enabled 0
}
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg
define service{
name local-service
.............
normal_check_interval 1 --把这个五分钟改为1分钟
.............
}
# /etc/init.d/nagios reload
--再去web界面验证,check时间为1分钟了
========================================================
例1:在默认8个服务的基础上,如何增加监控本机的服务 如ftp
思路步骤:
1,看libexec/下是否有检测ftp的命令,如果没有,网上下载,或自己开发
2,在localhost.cfg里定义这个服务
3,在command.cfg里定义命令
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg --加上下面一段
define service{
use local-service
host_name localhost
service_description FTP
check_command check_ftp!1!3
}
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg --下面一段默认就有,不需要加,直接改一下
define command{
command_name check_ftp
command_line $USER1$/check_ftp -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$
}
# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
练习:
1,如果本机ftp服务为监听2121端口,应该如何监控
# vim /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
listen_port=2121 --加上这一句
# /etc/init.d/vsftpd restart
# netstat -ntlup |grep ftp
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:2121 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 29883/vsftpd
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg
---加下面一段
define service{
use local-service
host_name localhost
service_description FTP --标题改成FTP
check_command check_ftp_2121!1!3!2121
--命令我这里是没有的,在command.cfg里默认有一个check_ftp,没有
--check_ftp_2121这个,所以要手动去加;!为参数分隔符,1是第一个参数,3是第二个参数,2121是第三个参数;它们对应于我下面定义的-w -c -p
}
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
define command{
command_name check_ftp_2121
command_line $USER1$/check_ftp -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -w $ARG1$ -c $ARG2$ -p $ARG3$
}
--直接使用监控命令去手工check一下,OK的
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ftp -w 1 -c 3 -p 2121
FTP OK - 0.004 second response time on port 2121 [220-#############################
220-#]|time=0.003835s;1.000000;3.000000;0.000000;10.000000
# /etc/init.d/nagios reload
--reload后,再去web界面可以看到能监控本机的ftp这个服务了
2,监控本机的mysql
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg
define service{
use local-service
host_name localhost
service_description MYSQL
check_command check_mysql!root!123
}
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
define command{
command_name check_mysql
command_line $USER1$/check_mysql -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -u $ARG1$ -p $ARG2$ --第一个参数对应上面的root,第二个对应密码123
}
--手动check一下mysql,OK
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_mysql -u root -p123
Uptime: 189 Threads: 1 Questions: 5 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 12 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 6 Queries per second avg: 0.026
# /etc/init.d/nagios reload
--去nagios 的web界面刷新查看,OK
=========================================================
我们把监控的服务分为公共和私有
公共:如ssh,http,ftp,mysql等。监控本地或远程的公共服务,都可以直接配置
私有:如load,users,disk usage等。监控本地私有服务直接配置就好,监控远程私有服务,需要服务和被监控端安装nrpe
例:监控远程服务器的普通服务(公共服务)。如ssh,http,ftp,mysql等
如:我的被监控端IP为10.1.1.36
我们把监控的服务分为公共和私有
公共:如ssh,http,ftp,mysql等。监控本地或远程的公共服务,都可以直接配置
私有:如load,users,disk usage等。监控本地私有服务直接配置就好,监控远程私有服务,需要服务和被监控端安装nrpe
例:监控远程服务器的普通服务(公共服务)。如ssh,http,ftp,mysql等
如:我的被监控端IP为10.1.1.36
1.在nagios服务器的主配置文件里加上36的主机配置文件
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/36.cfg
2,创建这个36.cfg
# cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/
# cp localhost.cfg 36.cfg
# vim 36.cfg
define host{
use linux-server
host_name 10.1.1.36 --主机名,最好/etc/hosts里对应好IP,我这里没有做,就直接写IP
alias 10.1.1.36 --显示到web上的名字
address 10.1.1.36 --实际被监控主机IP
}
define hostgroup{
hostgroup_name remote linux-servers --这里我定义了一个新组,不能和localhost.cfg里的组同名,会冲突
alias remote Linux Servers
members 10.1.1.36
}
--下面是公共服务,这里我只写了四个,你可以自行增加
define service{
use local-service
host_name 10.1.1.36
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
define service{
use local-service
host_name 10.1.1.36
service_description SSH
check_command check_ssh
}
define service{
use local-service
host_name 10.1.1.36
service_description HTTP
check_command check_http
}
define service{
use local-service
host_name 10.1.1.36
service_description FTP
check_command check_ftp!3!6
}
--验证配置文件,再重启服务
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
# /etc/init.d/nagios reload
==================================================================
例:监控远程的私有服务
方法一:snmp协议
方法二:nrpe程序包
10.1.1.35 10.1.1.36
nagios监控端 被监控linux
check_disk
check_nrpe --------- check_nrpe check_swap
SSL或非SSL传输 check_load等
1,在nagios服务器上安装nrpe插件
# tar xf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
# cd /usr/src/nrpe-2.12/
# ./configure && make && make install
--安装完后,就有下面的命令工具了
/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe
2,增加check_nrpe命令到commands.conf文件里
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg
define command{
command_name check_nrpe
command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$ --c参数后接command, 也就说check_nrpe可以调用别的check命令
}
3,在nagios服务器上对36的配置文件增加远程私有服务
# vim 36.cfg
define service{
use local-service
host_name 10.1.1.36
service_description Root Partition
check_command check_nrpe!check_remote_root
--check_remote_root就是check_nrpe的C参数要调用的命令,此命令在nagios服务器上的commands.cfg里是不存在,它会在后面的步骤中加到被监控端
}
define service{
use local-service
host_name 10.1.1.36
service_description Current Users
check_command check_nrpe!check_remote_users
}
define service{
use local-service
host_name 10.1.1.36
service_description Total Processes
check_command check_nrpe!check_remote_total_procs
}
define service{
use local-service
host_name 10.1.1.36
service_description Current Load
check_command check_nrpe!check_remote_load
}
define service{
use local-service
host_name 10.1.1.36
service_description Swap Usage
check_command check_nrpe!check_remote_swap
}
# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg
--检查一下配置文件正确性,OK的话则配置端配置完毕,先不reload nagios服务,等被监控端配置完后再reload
==============================================================
现在在被监控端36上安装
1,新建用户
# useradd nagios
# groupadd nagiosgroup
# usermod -G nagiosgroup nagios
2,安装plugins插件,包含了数据采集命令脚本
# tar xf nagios-plugins-2.0.3.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
# cd /usr/src/nagios-plugins-2.0.3/
# ./configure --with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagiosgroup
# make && make install
3,安装nrpe
# tar xf nrpe-2.12.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
# cd /usr/src/nrpe-2.12/
# ./configure && make && make install
# make install-plugin
# make install-daemon
# make install-daemon-config
# make install-xinetd
4,修改nrpe的超级守护进程的配置文件
# vim /etc/xinetd.d/nrpe
service nrpe
{
flags = REUSE
socket_type = stream
port = 5666
wait = no
user = nagios
group = nagios
server = /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe
server_args = -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg --inetd
log_on_failure += USERID
disable = no
only_from = 127.0.0.1 10.1.1.35 --加上nagios服务器的IP,允许它来访问
}
# vim /etc/services --最后面加一行
nrpe 5666/tcp # NRPE
5,在nrpe配置文件里定义check命令,使nagios服务能调用
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg
command[check_remote_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10
command[check_remote_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 -c 30,25,20
command[check_remote_root]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/sda2 --/dev/sda2是被监控端的根分区,也可以直接就写一个 / 就可以了
command[check_remote_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200
command[check_remote_swap]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap -w 40%% -c 20%% --这句默认没有的,但nagios服务器有配置,所以加上这句
command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z --这个是默认有的,但nagios服务器那边我没有加,所以这个在这里没有用
# /etc/init.d/xinetd restart --启动超级守护进程
# netstat -ntlup |grep 5666 --有端口被监听了
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:5666 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 22120/xinetd
6,在本地或nagios服务器测试
--在被监控端测试成功
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10
USERS OK - 3 users currently logged in |users=3;5;10;0
--在nagios服务器上测试成功
# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 10.1.1.36 -c check_remote_users
USERS OK - 3 users currently logged in |users=3;5;10;0
7,回到nagios服务器重启服务
# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
===============================================================
使用免费139邮箱来进行短信通知
在https://mail.10086.cn/Register/default.aspx上注册一个邮箱
我的为:
158xxxxxxxx@139.com
登录进去邮箱:
点设置-->邮件到达通知-->点开启
然后在本机发送一个测试邮件给你的邮箱,会发现手机会马上收到此邮件
# mail -s 'test' 158xxxxxxxx@139.com
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg
define contact{
contact_name nagiosadmin
use generic-contact
alias Nagios Admin
email 158xxxxxxxx@139.com --改成收的邮件地址
}
# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
--然后就把几个服务关闭,开启一下,等邮件通知,通知过就会发到手机
现在有智能手机就方便多了,直接报警邮件发给外部一个邮箱,然后在你的手机上下载对应邮箱的app软件就ok了
现在nagios官方直接都有手机客户端管理软件
================================================================
nagiosgraph 让nagios能够图形监控服务动态的状态信息
nagiosgraph-1.4.4.tar.gz
tar xf nagiosgraph-1.4.4.tar.gz -C /usr/src
cd /usr/src/nagiosgraph-1.4.4
[root@li nagiosgraph-1.4.4]# ./install.pl --check-prereq
checking required PERL modules
Carp...1.11
CGI...3.51
Data:umper...2.124
File::Basename...2.77
File::Find...1.14
MIME::Base64...3.08
POSIX...1.17
RRDs... ***FAIL*** --没有rrd,就算你在rhel6上yum install *rrd* 再来测试也是fail
Time::HiRes...1.9721
checking optional PERL modules
GD...fail --没有gd,yum install *gd* 也不能搞定
checking nagios installation
found nagios at /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios
checking web server installation
found apache at /usr/sbin/httpd
安装gd
tar xf libgd-2.1.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
cd /usr/src/libgd-2.1.0/
./configure ;make ;make install
ldconfig
tar xf GD-2.56.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
cd /usr/src/GD-2.56/
perl Build.PL
./Build
./Build install
ldconfig
安装rrdtool
# tar xf rrdtool-1.4.8.tar.gz -C /usr/src/
# cd /usr/src/rrdtool-1.4.8/
# ./configure ;make ;make install
# echo /opt/rrdtool-1.4.8/lib > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/rrdtools.conf
# ldconfig
# cd /usr/src/rrdtool-1.4.8/bindings/perl-shared
# make clean
# perl Makefile.PL && make && make install
# cd /usr/src/nagiosgraph-1.4.4/
--再次用下面的命令检测就都OK了
[root@li nagiosgraph-1.4.4]# ./install.pl --check-prereq
checking required PERL modules
Carp...1.11
CGI...3.51
Data:umper...2.124
File::Basename...2.77
File::Find...1.14
MIME::Base64...3.08
POSIX...1.17
RRDs...1.4008
Time::HiRes...1.9721
checking optional PERL modules
GD...2.56
checking nagios installation
found nagios at /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios
checking web server installation
found apache at /usr/sbin/httpd
------------
参考下面这份文档
http://www.linuxfunda.com/2013/04/02/steps-to-configure-nagiosgraph-with-nagios-core/
开始安装
1,
[root@qianyun nagiosgraph-1.4.4]# ./install.pl --install
checking required PERL modules
Carp...1.11
CGI...3.51
Data:umper...2.124
File::Basename...2.77
File::Find...1.14
MIME::Base64...3.08
POSIX...1.17
RRDs...1.4008
Time::HiRes...1.9721
checking optional PERL modules
GD...2.53
checking nagios installation
found nagios at /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios
checking web server installation
found apache at /usr/sbin/httpd
Destination directory (prefix)? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph]
Location of configuration files (etc-dir)? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/etc]
Location of executables? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/bin]
Location of CGI scripts? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/cgi]
Location of documentation (doc-dir)? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/doc]
Location of examples? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/examples]
Location of CSS and JavaScript files? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/share]
Location of utilities? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/util]
Location of state files (var-dir)? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/var]
Location of RRD files? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/var/rrd]
Location of log files (log-dir)? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/var]
Path of log file? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/var/nagiosgraph.log]
Path of CGI log file? [/usr/local/nagiosgraph/var/nagiosgraph-cgi.log]
URL of CGI scripts? [/nagiosgraph/cgi-bin]
URL of CSS file? [/nagiosgraph/nagiosgraph.css]
URL of JavaScript file? [/nagiosgraph/nagiosgraph.js]
Path of Nagios performance data file? [/tmp/perfdata.log]
URL of Nagios CGI scripts? [/nagios/cgi-bin]
username or userid of Nagios user? [nagios]
username or userid of web server user? [apache]
Modify the Nagios configuration? [n]
Modify the Apache configuration? [n]
configuration:
ng_layout standalone
ng_prefix /usr/local/nagiosgraph
ng_etc_dir /usr/local/nagiosgraph/etc
ng_bin_dir /usr/local/nagiosgraph/bin
ng_cgi_dir /usr/local/nagiosgraph/cgi
ng_doc_dir /usr/local/nagiosgraph/doc
ng_examples_dir /usr/local/nagiosgraph/examples
ng_www_dir /usr/local/nagiosgraph/share
ng_util_dir /usr/local/nagiosgraph/util
ng_var_dir /usr/local/nagiosgraph/var
ng_rrd_dir /usr/local/nagiosgraph/var/rrd
ng_log_dir /usr/local/nagiosgraph/var
ng_log_file /usr/local/nagiosgraph/var/nagiosgraph.log
ng_cgilog_file /usr/local/nagiosgraph/var/nagiosgraph-cgi.log
ng_url /nagiosgraph
ng_cgi_url /nagiosgraph/cgi-bin
ng_css_url /nagiosgraph/nagiosgraph.css
ng_js_url /nagiosgraph/nagiosgraph.js
nagios_cgi_url /nagios/cgi-bin
nagios_perfdata_file /tmp/perfdata.log
nagios_user nagios
www_user apache
modify_nagios_config n
nagios_config_file
nagios_commands_file
modify_apache_config n
apache_config_dir
apache_config_file
Continue with this configuration? [y]
.............
2,
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg --最后加上下面一段
process_performance_data=1
service_perfdata_file=/tmp/perfdata.log
service_perfdata_file_template=$LASTSERVICECHECK$||$HOSTNAME$||$SERVICEDESC$||$SERVICEOUTPUT$||$SERVICEPERFDATA$
service_perfdata_file_mode=a
service_perfdata_file_processing_interval=30
service_perfdata_file_processing_command=process-service-perfdata-for-nagiosgraph
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg --加上这一段,定义此命令
define command {
command_name process-service-perfdata-for-nagiosgraph
command_line /usr/local/nagiosgraph/bin/insert.pl
}
# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf --在你的apache里include这个文件
Include /usr/local/nagiosgraph/etc/nagiosgraph-apache.conf
# /etc/init.d/httpd restart
# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
http://10.1.1.35/nagiosgraph/cgi-bin/showconfig.cgi --用此页面查看信息
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg --加上下面的模版
define service {
name nagiosgraph
action_url /nagiosgraph/cgi-bin/show.cgi?host=$HOSTNAME$&service=$SERVICEDESC$
register 0
}
# vim /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg --在你所有的要加图形的监控主机里的服务的use后加上nagiosgraph模版,如下
define service{
use local-service,nagiosgraph
host_name localhost
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}
# /etc/init.d/nagios restart
最后到你的http://10.1.1.35/nagios/下去查看,会发现只要加了nagiosgraph模版的被监控服务会多了一个图标,按图标就会产生图形
====================================
centreon
centreon是开源的IT监控软件,由法国人于2003年开发,最初名为Oreon,并于2005年正式更名为centreon。
centreon作为nagios的分布式监控管理平台,其功能之强大,打造了centreon在IT监控方面强势地位,
它的底层使用nagios监控软件,nagios通过ndoutil模块将监控数据写入数据库,centreon读取该数据并即时的展现监控信息,
通过centreon可以简单地管理和配置所有nagios,因此,完全可以使用centreon轻易的搭建企业级分布式IT基础运维监控系统
第一步:
直接使用下面的iso安装系统
ces-standard-3.2-x86_64.iso
安装完后
使用firefox访问
http://IP/
第二步:
按照图示安装
Monitoring engine 选择 centreon-engine
Broker Module 选择 centreon-broker
完成后使用admin和你设定的密码登陆
第三步:
点configuration --》 host --看到默认监控本机,但是看不到有监控信息
点Configuration --》 Monitoring Engines --按下面的操作
Generate Configuration Files
Run monitoring engine debug (-v) --默认情况这两个前面有打勾,保持这种情况,点下面的export按钮
Move Export Files
Restart Monitoring Engine --把上面默认情况的两个勾去掉,再把这两个选项前面打上勾,再次点export按钮
上面的操作完后,刷新web页面,仍然看不到有监控信息
去服务器上把cbd服务重启,再刷新,就可以了(默认监控本机及其4个服务)
# /etc/init.d/cbd restart
点Monitoring --》 Services --》 All Services --可以看到监控状态和图表
例:监控远程
第一步:
在centreon服务器上操作
# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public 127.0.0.1 --有信息,表示可以监控
# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public 被监控机IP --没有信息,表示现在不可以监控
第二步:
在被监控机上操作
1,# yum install net-snmp*
2,# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
62 access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none
改成如下
62 access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
85 view all included .1 80 --把这句注释打开
# /etc/init.d/snmpd restart
# netstat -ntlup |grep snmp --远程监控注意防火墙要允许UDP的161端口
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:199 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 11504/snmpd
udp 0 0 0.0.0.0:161 0.0.0.0:* 11504/snmpd
第三步:
再回到centreon服务器上操作
# snmpwalk -v 1 -c public 被监控机IP --有信息了
第四步:
回到web管理界面
点Configuration --》 Hosts --》点add
Host Name: node200
Alias: node200
IP Address: 10.2.2.200
Template : Servers-Linux
Check Period : 24x7
Check Command: check_host_alive
Max Check Attempts : 3
Linked Contacts *: li teng --在安装图形界面建立的用户
Linked Contact Groups *: supervisors
Notification Interval *: 60
Notification Period *: workhours
Notification Options: 全打勾,表示所有情况都会通知
不急save,点relations把Linux-Servers加上,再点save
第五步:
点configuration --》 host --看到默认监控本机,但是看不到有监控信息
点Configuration --》 Monitoring Engines --按下面的操作
Generate Configuration Files
Run monitoring engine debug (-v) --默认情况这两个前面有打勾,保持这种情况,点下面的export按钮
Move Export Files
Restart Monitoring Engine --把上面默认情况的两个勾去掉,再把这两个选项前面打上勾,再次点export按钮
上面的操作完后,刷新web页面,就可以看到两台的监控信息(本机和远程)
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