2,superblock 超级块
superblock是记录innode节点和空闲磁盘空闲信息的
模拟superblock坏掉的情况:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sda13 bs=1 count=1024 seek=1024
[root@li ~]# mount -t ext4 /dev/sda13 /quota/
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sda13,
missing codepage or other error
In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
dmesg | tail or so
[root@li ~]# dumpe2fs /dev/sda13
dumpe2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
dumpe2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda13
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.
使用e2fsck命令去修复
e2fsck - check a Linux ext2/ext3 file system
[root@li ~]# e2fsck /dev/sda13 --修复superblock损坏的磁盘
fsck /dev/sda13
[root@li ~]# /etc/init.d/smartd start
[root@li ~]# chkconfig smartd on
smartctl - Control and Monitor Utility for SMART Disks
[root@li ~]# smartctl -i /dev/sda
smartctl version 5.38 [i686-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Device Model: Hitachi HCT721032SLA380 --在bios里看到的也是这个。这个名和下面序列号等都可以用于udev服务的绑定
Serial Number: STA207MC2YYLDB
Firmware Version: ST2OA31E
User Capacity: 320,072,933,376 bytes
Device is: Not in smartctl database [for details use: -P showall]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Sat Aug 21 14:14:59 2010 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled --最后两句可以看到是硬盘是否支持smart技术,虚拟机里的硬盘是不支持smart技术的
--当when_failed,不是-的时候,就要注意那个特性是有问题的
[root@li ~]# smartctl -H /dev/sda --健康检查
smartctl version 5.38 [i686-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED --这里为PASSED表示OK,否则就要注意问题了
5,inittab
如果inittab定义的是启动5级别,但你的图形安装包并没有安装完全,就会在文本模式进不了图形,会报错
网络不通
mii-tool 查看网卡是否支持,link ok表示网线插好,no link表示网线没有插好,如果报
SIOCGMIIPHY on 'eth0' failed: Invalid argument
no MII interfaces found
之类的错误,那么就是系统不支持网卡,或者网卡模块丢失
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 查看此文件是否存在,里面的onboot=yes(不能等于no)
# cat /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks
# kickstart template for Fedora 8 and later.
# (includes %end blocks)
# do not use with earlier distros
#platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel EM64T
# System authorization information
auth --useshadow --enablemd5
# System bootloader configuration
bootloader --location=mbr
# Partition clearing information
clearpart --all --initlabel
# Use text mode install
text
# Firewall configuration
firewall --enabled
# Run the Setup Agent on first boot
firstboot --disable
# System keyboard
keyboard us
# System language
lang en_US
# Use network installation
url --url=$tree
# If any cobbler repo definitions were referenced in the kickstart profile, include them here.
$yum_repo_stanza
# Network information
$SNIPPET('network_config')
# Reboot after installation
reboot
#Root password
rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted
# SELinux configuration
selinux --disabled
# Do not configure the X Window System
skipx
# System timezone
timezone America/New_York
# Install OS instead of upgrade
install
# Clear the Master Boot Record
zerombr
# Allow anaconda to partition the system as needed
part /boot --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --size=200
part swap --asprimary --fstype="swap" --size=2000
part / --asprimary --fstype="ext4" --grow --size=1